Skip to Content
Streetsblog USA home
Streetsblog USA home
Log In
Milwaukee

Poor Transit Access and Wisconsin’s Staggering Black Incarceration Rate

The state of Wisconsin imprisons a higher proportion of black men than any other state. Almost 13 percent of the state's African American men are behind bars -- nearly twice the national average. In Milwaukee County, according to a recent report from the University of Wisconsin-Madison [PDF], more than half of black men in their thirties have served time in state prison.

Transportation problems are fueling an epidemic rate of incarceration for African American men in Wisconsin. Image: ##http://www.communityjournal.net/milwaukee-county-receives-transit-grants/## Milwaukee Community Journal##

UM-Madison's John Pawasarat and Lois Quinn recently explored this problem as an aspect of the major workforce challenges facing the state. One of their key findings was that for black working-age men in the Milwaukee area, transportation barriers are a major obstacle to employment, restricting their prospects.

Among African Americans living in Milwaukee, 47 percent do not have a driver's license, and the unemployment rate is 24 percent.

"Two-thirds of the county’s incarcerated African American men came from six zip codes in the poorest neighborhoods of Milwaukee," Pawasarat and Quinn write. "Most ex-offenders return from prison into inner city neighborhoods that have extremely large gaps (i.e., 25 to 1 in May 2009) between the number of active job seekers compared to available full-time work."

Black men would have more employment options if jobs were accessible by transit. But that tends not to be the case, Quinn told BBC reporters.

"When we do job surveys, we find that three-fourths of the jobs that are available are outside the bus lines," she said.

Buses and rail have fared poorly under Scott Walker, who saw Milwaukee transit service deteriorate on his watch as county executive and managed to kill passenger rail service to Madison before even taking office as governor in 2010. Since then, Walker has presided over a 10 percent cut to the state's transit budget. Milwaukee has been able to avoid dramatic bus service cuts so far, thanks to one-off budget maneuvers, but a $7 million deficit looms in 2014 [PDF]. One estimate from Joel Rast at UW-Milwaukee's Center for Economic Development warned that Milwaukee bus cuts prompted by Walker's decision to slash transit funding would eliminate access to more than 13,000 jobs for city residents.

For many, driving to work is not a viable option. Pawasarat and Quinn's research shows that only about 10 percent of black men with incarceration records in the state had a current, valid drivers license with no recent suspensions or revocations.

"If there was a job here where I could get on the bus to support my family, I would take it," Brian Osei, a participant in a jobs program for ex-offenders, told the BBC. "There's nothing here. I have to take this risk [driving under suspension] to drive."

Stay in touch

Sign up for our free newsletter

More from Streetsblog USA

Talking Headways Podcast: Transit Themed Rock Music

Meet a band that writes exclusively about the car-free life on public transit. And it rocks!

October 3, 2024

Thursday’s Headlines Are Down on the Corner, Out in the Street

Bring a nickel, tap your feet as you avoid having to get into your car to drive out to the big-box strip mall.

October 3, 2024

Room for Improvement: What New York’s Subway System Can Learn from Cities Around the World

New York’s subway was once an international model of modernity. But it's not anymore.

October 3, 2024

Subway Elevators are Not Just a Nice Lift, But a Basic Civil Right

Accessibility is a must-have as cities compete to attract visitors and retain residents.

October 3, 2024

Eight Ways To Reimagine Parking Spaces

This Park(ing) Day, 175 groups across multiple countries transformed curbside parking stalls into bedrooms, terraces, living spaces and more.

October 3, 2024
See all posts